Anadolu, sadece tarih ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda zengin bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle de \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r. Biraz Asya, biraz Avrupa, Akdeniz bir tarafta, bir tarafta Karadeniz\u2026 \u00dclkemiz, farkl\u0131 iklim \u00f6zellikleri ve co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131 sayesinde, birbirinden farkl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z, biraz kulaktan dolma bilgiler, biraz da ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya olan hevessizli\u011fimiz nedeniyle “\u00e7am” a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 gibi bilinebilir. Ancak, Anadolu\u2019nun ormanlar\u0131nda \u00e7amlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr de mevcut ve her biri ekosisteme kendilerine has katk\u0131lar sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Anadolu’nun a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na daha yak\u0131ndan bakal\u0131m hem ibreli hem de yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin hangi b\u00f6lgelerde daha yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funa g\u00f6z atal\u0131m. Kim bilir, belki de \u00e7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n hakimiyetine dair yerle\u015fik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleriniz de\u011fi\u015fir!<\/p>\n
\u0130breli a\u011fa\u00e7lar, genellikle halk aras\u0131nda ortak bir adla \u201c\u00e7am\u201d olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Ancak bu grupta sadece \u00e7am t\u00fcrleri yer almaz. Anadolu\u2019da en yayg\u0131n olan ibreli a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7am<\/strong>, sar\u0131\u00e7am<\/strong>, f\u0131st\u0131k \u00e7am\u0131<\/strong>, sedir<\/strong> ve ard\u0131\u00e7<\/strong> yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00c7amlar, deniz seviyesinden y\u00fckseklik artt\u0131k\u00e7a, \u00f6zellikle Ege ve Akdeniz B\u00f6lgeleri’nde bolca kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7am<\/strong>, adeta Akdeniz\u2019in simgesidir, k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feritlerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla bulunur ve 20-30 metreye kadar boylanabilir.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer taraftan, sar\u0131\u00e7am<\/strong>, daha y\u00fcksek rak\u0131mlarda yer al\u0131rken, f\u0131st\u0131k \u00e7am\u0131<\/strong> ise \u00f6zellikle Toros Da\u011flar\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Ard\u0131\u00e7<\/strong> t\u00fcrleri, genellikle daha kurak ve ta\u015fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerde, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu’nun k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Sedir<\/strong> ise hem g\u00fczellikleriyle hem de orman ekosistemine katk\u0131lar\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n Bu sorunun kesin bir cevab\u0131 yoktur; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her a\u011fac\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131, bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeye ve iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Beslendi\u011fi topra\u011f\u0131n kendilerini ne kadar doyurdu\u011fuyla ili\u015fkili de diyebiliriz. Me\u015fe <\/strong>ve kavak<\/strong> gibi baz\u0131 yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrler, gen\u00e7 ya\u015flarda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 boylan\u0131rken, ibreli a\u011fa\u00e7lar daha yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. \u0130breli a\u011fa\u00e7lar, uzun y\u0131llar boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp, y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde kocaman ormanlar olu\u015ftururlar. Ancak bu, yaprakl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n daha \u201caceleci\u201d oldu\u011funu ve h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri anlam\u0131na gelmez. Klasik Anadolu \u00f6zdeyi\u015fi ile de a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse \u201cbe\u015f parma\u011f\u0131n be\u015fi bir olmaz\u201d diyebiliriz.\u00a0 B\u00fct\u00fcn yaprakl\u0131 ya da ibrelileri az b\u00fcy\u00fcr, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcr, h\u0131zl\u0131 ya da yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcr diye etiketleyemezsiniz. Ha, etiketlerseniz de sizde kal\u0131r o bilgi ve size mahsus olur. Bilimsel bir ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi olmaz. Siz yine de etiketleyip can\u0131m\u0131z a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00fccendirmeyin.<\/p>\n Yaprakl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar, orman ekosisteminin belki de en canl\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitlilik bar\u0131nd\u0131ran grubu. Bu t\u00fcrler, y\u0131l boyunca yaprak d\u00f6kerler ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman meyve de verirler. Anadolu\u2019nun ormanlar\u0131nda bu grup i\u00e7inde en yayg\u0131n olan t\u00fcrler me\u015fe<\/strong>, kay\u0131n<\/strong>, g\u00fcrgen<\/strong>, \u0131hlamur<\/strong>, ak\u00e7aa\u011fa\u00e7<\/strong>, dut<\/strong> ve \u00e7\u0131nar<\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Me\u015fe<\/strong>, belki de Anadolu\u2019nun en karakteristik yaprakl\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131d\u0131r ve hemen hemen her b\u00f6lgeden kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Do\u011fu Anadolu<\/strong>, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu<\/strong> ve Marmara<\/strong> b\u00f6lgelerinde geni\u015f alanlara yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kay\u0131n<\/strong> a\u011fac\u0131 ise \u00f6zellikle Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi<\/strong>‘nde bolca g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. G\u00fcrgen<\/strong> a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 da Marmara<\/strong> ve Karadeniz<\/strong>‘in \u0131l\u0131man iklimine bay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ihlamur<\/strong> ise s\u0131cak ve nemli havalarda b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi sever, bu y\u00fczden Ege B\u00f6lgesi<\/strong>‘nde s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ak\u00e7aa\u011fa\u00e7<\/strong> t\u00fcrleri de zengin ve verimli topraklarda daha h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7\u0131nar<\/strong> ve dut<\/strong> gibi meyve veren yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrler de Anadolu\u2019nun \u00f6nemli a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Var yani\u2026 bol miktarda yaprakl\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131m\u0131z da var ormanlar\u0131m\u0131zda. Hani \u015fu yaz\u0131n yemye\u015fil g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcp de k\u0131\u015f\u0131n f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131 havada kuma\u015f\u0131 u\u00e7mu\u015f \u015femsiye gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z var ya; ha i\u015fte onlar hep yaprakl\u0131 i\u015fte!<\/p>\n Anadolu\u2019daki a\u011fa\u00e7lar yaln\u0131zca do\u011fay\u0131 ye\u015fil tutmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda insana da bir\u00e7ok katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. Zeytin<\/strong>, kestane<\/strong>, ceviz<\/strong> ve f\u0131nd\u0131k<\/strong> gibi meyve veren a\u011fa\u00e7lar hem g\u0131da hem de ticaret a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli kaynaklard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Ege<\/strong> ve Akdeniz<\/strong> B\u00f6lgeleri’nde bu t\u00fcrler s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kavak<\/strong> a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri i\u00e7in odun \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, f\u0131st\u0131k \u00e7am\u0131<\/strong> ise \u00f6zellikle Toroslar<\/strong>\u2019da orman k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne \u00f6nemli gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n Zeytin<\/strong> a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, \u0131l\u0131man iklimin elmaslar\u0131d\u0131r. F\u0131nd\u0131k<\/strong> ve ceviz<\/strong> gibi meyve veren a\u011fa\u00e7lar da Karadeniz’in verimli topraklar\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131ca yeti\u015fir ve b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 i\u00e7in ekonomik de\u011feri b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle ormanda \u00f6zg\u00fcrce yeti\u015fiyor olsalar da a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrlerimiz sadece odun \u00fcretimiyle de\u011fil, meyvesi, yapra\u011f\u0131, re\u00e7inesi ve daha pek \u00e7ok \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile hem halk\u0131m\u0131za hem de \u00fclke ekonomimize can oluyor. \u015eimdi b\u00f6ylesi muhte\u015fem g\u00fczellikleri sevmeyecek de ne yapacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Ne yapacaks\u0131n\u0131z? Mesela ate\u015f yakmayacaks\u0131n\u0131z ormanda, \u00e7\u00f6p b\u0131rakmayacak, usuls\u00fcz kesim yapmayacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Koruyacaks\u0131n\u0131z, kollayacaks\u0131n\u0131z ki bu ortakl\u0131k devam etsin.<\/p>\n Anadolu, asl\u0131nda zengin bir a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine sahip bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r. \u00c7amlar yaln\u0131zca birka\u00e7 t\u00fcrden ibaret de\u011fildir. K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7am<\/strong>\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde, me\u015fe<\/strong>nin koyu ye\u015fil yapraklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011finiz birka\u00e7 dakika, ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne kadar farkl\u0131 ve zengin oldu\u011funu size hat\u0131rlatacakt\u0131r. \u0130breli ve yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca do\u011fan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini de\u011fil, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u015fekillendirir.<\/p>\n Bir sonraki orman gezinizde, sadece \u00e7amlar\u0131 de\u011fil, kavak<\/strong>, \u0131hlamur<\/strong>, kay\u0131n<\/strong>, sedir<\/strong> ve daha nicelerini g\u00f6zlemlemeyi unutmay\u0131n ki nadide ormanlar\u0131m\u0131zda sadece \u00e7am var yan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmeyin ve sizi bu yan\u0131lg\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek isteyenlere kulak asmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n \u0130lgili:<\/strong> Ormanlar Hakk\u0131nda<\/a> \u00b7 Neden Meyve Fidan\u0131 De\u011fil de \u00c7am Fidan\u0131 Dikiliyor?<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Anadolu, sadece tarih ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda zengin bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcyle de \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bir co\u011frafyad\u0131r. Biraz Asya, biraz Avrupa, Akdeniz bir tarafta, bir tarafta Karadeniz\u2026 \u00dclkemiz, farkl\u0131 iklim \u00f6zellikleri ve co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131 sayesinde, birbirinden farkl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z, biraz kulaktan dolma bilgiler, biraz da ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya olan hevessizli\u011fimiz nedeniyle \u201c\u00e7am\u201d a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131yla [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":80,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_flxseo_title":"","_flxseo_desc":"Anadolu\u2019nun ormanlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u00e7amdan ibaret de\u011fil. Farkl\u0131 iklim ve co\u011frafyas\u0131 sayesinde \u00fclkemizde yeti\u015fen a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcrlerini ve bu zenginli\u011fi ke\u015ffedin.","_flxseo_focus":"","_flxseo_noindex":false,"_flxseo_image":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[22,23,24],"class_list":["post-78","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler","tag-agac","tag-anadolu","tag-orman"],"lang":"tr","translations":{"tr":78},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":753,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions\/753"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/80"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yesilturkiyeist.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Peki ibreli t\u00fcrler mi yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrler mi daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr?<\/h2>\n
Anadolu\u2019nun Ye\u015fil Ta\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n
Hangi A\u011fa\u00e7 Nerede, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?<\/h2>\n
Anadolu\u2019nun Orman \u00c7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve S\u00fcrprizlerle Dolu Bir Do\u011fa<\/h2>\n